7. Glossary of related phytosanitary terms

Core Vocabulary

Additional declaration	A statement which is required by an importing country to be entered on phytosanitary certificate and which provides specific additional information pertinent to the phytosanitary conditions of a consignment.
Area	An officially defined part of a country in which the presence of specified pests can be determined and the production, movement or existence of any plant, plant product or other regulated article can be controlled to a designated degree of Phytosanitary security.
Certificate	An official document which attests to the phytosanitary status of any consignment affected by phytosanitary regulations.
Commodity	A type of plant, plant product or other regulated article being move for trade or other purpose.
Commodity class	A category of similar commodities that can be considered together in phytosanitary regulations.
Consignment	A quantity of plants, plant products and/or other regulated articles being moved from one country to another and covered by a single phytosanitary certificate. (A consignment may be composed of one or more lots).
Country of origin	Country where consignment of plants was grown.
Country of reexport	Country through which a consignment of plants passed and was split up, stored or had its packaging changed.
Country of transit	Country through which a consignment of plants passed, without being split up stored or having its packaging changed, without being exposed to contamination by pests in that country.
Delimiting survey	A survey conducted to establish the boundaries of an area considered to be infested by or free from a pest.
Detection survey	A survey conducted in an area to determine if pests are present.
Detention	Keeping a consignment in custody or confinement for phytosanitary reasons while awaiting a decision.
Dunnage	Wood used to wedge or support cargo.
Eradicate	To eliminate a pest from a specific country or area.
Established	Of an introduced pest, present in a country or area, multiplying and expected to continue. Field A plot of land with defined boundaries within a place or production on which a commodity is grown.
Field inspection	Inspection of plants in a field during the growing season.
Find free	To inspect a consignment, field or place of production and consider it to be free from a specific pest.
Free from	Not carrying pests (or a specific pest) in numbers or quantities that can he detected by the application of appropriate quarantine procedures.
Fumigation	Treatment with a chemical agent that reaches the commodity or regulated article wholly or primarily in the gaseous state.
Grain	Seeds intended for processing or consumption and not for planting (See Seeds).
Growing season	Period of the year when plants will actively grow in an area.
Growing season inspection	See Field inspection.
Host range	The species of plants capable of sustaining a specific pest other than when artificially inoculated under special conditions.
Immediate vicinity	The fields adjacent to a field, or the places of production adjacent to a place of production.
Import permit	An official document authorizing importation of a commodity in accordance with specified requirements.
Inspect	Perform an official visual examination of plants, plant products or regulated articles to determine if pests are present and/or to determine compliance with phytosanitary regulations.
Inspector	A person authorized by a national plant protection organization to discharge its functions.
Interception (of a pest)	The detection of a pest during inspection of an imported consignment.
Interception (of a consignment)	The rejection or controlled entry of an imported consignment due to failure to comply with phytosanitary regulations.
Introduction	The entry of a pest into a country or area where it does not occur.
IPPC	International Plant Protection Convention, as deposited with FAO in Rome in 1951 and as subsequently amended.
LOT	A number of units of a single commodity, identifiable by its homogeneity of composition, origin etc., forming part of a consignment.
National plant protection organization	See Plant protection organization (national).
Occur	A pest is said to occur in an area or country if it has been officially reported to be indigenous or established there, and has not been officially reported to have been eradicated.
Official	Established, authorized or performed by a national plant protection organization.
Pathway	Any means by which a pest can move or be moved from one place to another.
Pest (= plant pest)	Any form of plant or animal lire, or any pathogenic agent, injurious or potentially injurious to plants or plant products.
Phytosanitary certificates	A certificate patterned after the model certificate of the IPPC.
Phytosanitary certification	The use of quarantine procedures leading to the issue of a phytosanitary certificate.
Phytosanitary legislation	The basic legal authority granted to a national plant protection organization from which phytosanitary regulations may be drafted.
Phytosanitary regulation(s)	Official rules to prevent the introduction and/or establishment of pests, by regulating the production, movement or existence of commodities or other articles, or the normal activity of persons, and by establishing schemes for phytosanitary certification.
Preclearance	Phytosanitary certification in the country of origin, performed by or under the regular supervision of the plant protection organization of the country of destination.
Place of production	Any premises or collection of fields operated as a single production or farming unit.
Plant pest	See Pest.
Plants	Living plants and parts thereof, including seeds.
Plant product	Unmanufactured material of plant origin (including grain) and those manufactured products that, by their nature or that of their processing, may create a risk for the spread of pests.
Plant Protection organization(nation)	The official service established by Government to discharge the functions specified by the IPPC.
Plant protection organization (regional)	An intergovernmental organization with the functions laid down by Article VIII of the IPPC.
Planting (and, as appropriate replanting)	Any operations for the placing of plants in a growing medium to ensure their subsequent, growth, reproduction or propagation.
Plant quarantine	All activity designed to prevent the introduction or establishment of pests or ensure their eradication.
Post-entry quarantine station (or facility)	An official station for holding plant, in quarantine after importation.
Practically free	Not carrying pests (or a specific pest) in numbers or quantities in excess of those that can be expected to result from, and be consistent with good culturing and handling practices employed in the production and marketing of the commodity.
Preclearance	Phytosanitary certification in the country of origin, performed by or under the regular supervision of the plant protection organization of the country of destination.
Prohibition	A phytosanitary regulation forbidding the importation of specified pests, commodities or regulated articles.
Protected area	An area within which a quarantine pest does not occur or is of restricted distribution and into which the movement of specific commodities or other articles is either prohibited or regulated.
Quarantine	The official confinement of plants subject to phytosanitary regulations for observation and research or for further inspection and/or testing.
Quarantine area	An area subjected to phytosanitary regulations.
Quarantine pest	A pest of potential national economic importance to the country endangered thereby and not yet present there, or present but not widely distributed and being actively controlled.
Quarantine procedure	Any officially prescribed method for performing inspections, tests, surveys or treatments in connection with plant quarantine.
Refusal	Forbidding entry of a consignment or regulated article when it fails to satisfy phytosanitary regulations.
Region	The combined territories of the member countries of a regional plant protection organization.
Regional plant protection organization	See Plant protection organization (regional).
Regulated article	Any storage place, conveyance, container or any other object or material capable of harbouring of spreading plant pests, particularly where international transportation is involved.
	Seeds Seeds for planting not for consumption or processing (see Grain).
Stored products	Unmanufactured plant products intended for consumption or processing, stored in a dried form. (This includes in particular grain and dried fruits and vegetables).
Survey	A methodical procedure to determine the characteristics of a pest population, such as geographical distribution, density, etc.
Test	Official examination, other than visual, to determine if pests are present or to identify such pests.
Transit	See Country of transit.
Treatment	Officially authorized procedure for killing, removal or rendering infertile of plant pests.