Integrated Helminth Control - KARI technical note no. 2 (DFID - KARI, 1999, 54 p.) PART THREE - Guidelines For Anthelmintic Use (introduction...) Sheep And Goat Wormer Guide Cattle Wormer Guide

Integrated Helminth Control - KARI technical note no. 2 (DFID - KARI, 1999, 54 p.)

PART THREE - Guidelines For Anthelmintic Use

GUIDELINES FOR ANTHELMINTIC USE

· To minimise the risk of anthelmintic resistance, the frequency of drug use should be reduced as much as possible. As a rough guide, no more than four doses of anthelmintic should be given to any stock in one year.

· Use drugs from different chemical groups in successive years

· The drug market in Kenya contains a number of fake and substandard products. Use only products made by a reputable manufacturer. Report any suspected drug efficacy problems to the local Veterinary Investigation Laboratory.

· Dose animals on the basis of the heaviest animal in the group. Farmers have a tendency to underestimate animal weights and hence often under dose the animals.

· Most anthelmintics given orally are more effective if given on an empty stomach. Animals are best dosed early in the morning before they are released for grazing. Animals that are not normally kept in a boma over night should have their feed restricted prior to treatment.

· Oral dosing should aim to place the drug into the animal's throat rather than into the mouth. This ensures proper uptake into the rumen.

· Dosing equipment should be accurate and properly maintained.

· Anthelmintics should not be combined with other drugs or diluted.

· Bottles of anthelmintic should be properly mixed prior to use. Repeated slow inversion of the bottle is better than vigorous shaking.

· Care should be taken in introducing animals to the flock/herd. They may be bringing resistant worms with them. Only buy animals from farms who practice a minimal dosing regime. Try to get a history of anthelmintic use. On arrival treat the animals with ivermectin (if possible) or with one dose of levamisole and one dose of benzimidazole. If possible keep the new animals separate from the herd/flock for 48 hours after treatment and discard and burn any manure produced during that time.

Sheep And Goat Wormer Guide

Group 1: Benzimidazole Drugs.

Chemical	Product Name	Round worms	Tape worms	Flukes	Nasal Bots	Dose Rate
Albendazole	Tramazole	YES	YES	AT 7.5 MG/K		5 mg/kg
	Valbazen 10%	YES	YES	AT 7.5 MG/K		5 mg/kg
	Valbazen 2.5%	YES	YES	AT 7.5 MG/K		5 mg/kg
	Vermiprazole	YES	YES	AT 7.5 MG/K		5 mg/kg
	Vermitan	YES	YES	AT 7.5 MG/K		5 mg/kg
	Wormita	YES	YES	AT 7.5 MG/K		5 mg/kg
Fenbendazole	Curazole	YES	YES			5 mg/kg
	Panacur 10%	YES	YES			5 mg/kg
	Panacur 2.5%	YES	YES			5 mg/kg
	Zerofen 10%	YES	YES			5 mg/kg
	Zerofen 2.5%	YES	YES			5 mg/kg
Oxfendazole	Systamex	YES	YES			5 mg/kg

Group 2: Levamisole Drugs.

Chemical	Product Name	Round worms	Tape worms	Flukes	Nasal Bots	Dose Rate
Levamisole plus Rafoxanide	Flukazole	YES		YES	YES	7.5 mg/kg
Levamisole	Levacide	YES				7.5 mg/kg
Levamisole	Levacide injection	YES				7.5 mg/kg
Levamisole plus Oxyclozanide	Levafas	YES		YES		7.5 mg/kg
Levamisole plus Oxyclozanide	Levafas Diamond	YES		YES		7.5 mg/kg
Levamisole plus Rafoxanide	Multidose	YES		YES	YES	7.5 mg/kg
Levamisole	Nilverm	YES				7.5 mg/kg
Levamisole plus Oxyclozanide	Nilzan Plus	YES		YES		7.5 mg/kg
Levamisole plus Oxyclozanide	Vermofas	YES		YES		7.5 mg/kg
Levamisole	Wormicid	YES				7.5 mg/kg
Levamisole plus Bithionol	Wormicid Plus	YES		YES		7.5 mg/kg

Group 3: Macrocyclic Lactone Drugs.

Chemical	Product Name	Round worms	Tape worms	Flukes	Nasal Bots	Dose Rate
Ivermectin	Ivomec	YES			YES	0.2 mg/kg
Ivermectin	Oramec	YES			YES	0.2 mg/kg
Ivermectin plus Clorsulon	Ivomec Super	YES		YES	YES	0.2 mg/kg
Moxidectin	Cydectin	YES			YES	0.2 mg/kg
Doramectin	Dectomax	YES			YES	0.2 mg/kg

Group 4: Other Drugs.

Chemical	Product Name	Round worms	Tape worms	Flukes	Nasal Bots	Dose Rate
Nitroxynil	Trodax	Haemonchus only		YES	AT 20 mg/kg	10 mg/kg
Rafoxanide	Ranox	Haemonchus only		YES	YES	7.5 mg/kg
Oxyclozanide	Zanil			YES

Cattle Wormer Guide

Group 1: Benzimidazole Drugs.

Chemical	Product Name	Round worms	Tape worms	Flukes	Nasal Bots	Dose Rate
Albendazole	Tramazole	YES	YES	AT 10 mg/kg		7.5 mg/kg
	Valbazen 10%	YES	YES	AT 10 mg/kg		7.5 mg/kg
	Vermiprazole	YES	YES	AT 10 mg/kg		7.5 mg/kg
	Vermitan	YES	YES	AT 10 mg/kg		7.5 mg/kg
	Wormita	YES	YES	AT 10 mg/kg		7.5 mg/kg
Fenbendazole	Curazole	YES	YES			7.5 mg/kg
	Panacur 10%	YES	YES			7.5 mg/kg
	Zerofen 10%	YES	YES			7.5 mg/kg
Oxfendazole	Systamex	YES	YES			7.5 mg/kg

Group 2: Levamisole Drugs.

Chemical	Product Name	Round worms	Tape worms	Flukes	Nasal Bots	Dose Rate
Levamisole plus Rafoxanide	Flukazole	YES		YES	YES	7.5 mg/kg
Levamisole	Levacide	YES				7.5 mg/kg
Levamisole	Levacide Injection	YES				7.5 mg/kg
Levamisole plus Oxyclozanide	Levafas	YES		YES		7.5 mg/kg
Levamisole plus Oxyclozanide	Levafas Diamond	YES		YES		7.5 mg/kg
Levamisole plus Rafoxanide	Multidose	YES		YES	YES	7.5 mg/kg
Levamisole	Nilverm	YES				7.5 mg/kg
Levamisole plus Oxyclozanide	Nilzan Plus	YES		YES		7.5 mg/kg
Levamisole plus Oxyclozanide	Vermofas	YES		YES		7.5 mg/kg
Levamisole	Wormicid	YES				7.5 mg/kg
Levamisole plus Bithionol	Wormicid Plus	YES		YES		7.5 mg/kg

Group 3: Macrocyclic Lactone Drugs.

Chemical	Product Name	Round worms	Tape worms	Flukes	Nasal Bots	Dose Rate
Ivermectin	Ivomec	YES			YES	0.2 mg/kg
Ivermectin	Oramec	YES			YES	0.2 mg/kg
Ivermectin plus Clorsulon	Ivomec Super	YES		YES	YES	0.2 mg/kg
Moxidectin	Cydectin	YES			YES	0.2 mg/kg
Doramectin	Dectomax	YES			YES	0.2 mg/kg

Group 4: Other Drugs.

Chemical	Product Name	Round worms	Tape worms	Flukes	Nasal Bots	Dose Rate
Nitroxynil	Trodax	Haemonchus only		YES	AT 20 mg/kg	10 mg/kg
Rafoxanide	Ranox	Haemonchus only		YES	YES	7.5 mg/kg
Oxyclozanide	Zanil			YES